Gana yabonye ubwigenge ku wa 6 Werurwe 1957: uko Gold Coast yabaye igihugu cyigenga
Gold Coast yahindutse Gana ku wa 6 Werurwe 1957, iyobowe na Kwame Nkrumah. Nyuma y’iminsi ibiri, yakiriwe mu Muryango w’Abibumbye.
Ku wa 6 Werurwe 1957, igihugu cyari kizwi nka Gold Coast, cyari ikoloni ry’u Bwongereza, cyabonye ubwigenge gihindura izina kiba Gana. Iyo tariki igaragara ku rutonde rw’amatariki ibihugu bya Afurika byaboneyeho ubwigenge rwakozwe n’inkoranyabumenyi Britannica, aho u Bwongereza bugaragazwa nk’igihugu cyakolonizaga Gana.
Mu nkuru yayo isobanura igihugu cya mbere cyo munsi y’ubutayu bwa Sahara cyabonye ubwigenge, Britannica ivuga ko Gana ari yo yabaye iya mbere, igakurikirwa na Gineya yabonye ubwigenge ku wa 2 Ukwakira 1958.
Kwame Nkrumah n’urugamba rw’ubwigenge
Britannica ivuga ko Kwame Nkrumah (1909–1972) ari we wayoboye urugamba rwo kwibohora ku butegetsi bw’u Bwongereza muri Gold Coast, rwaje kubyara Gana. Yabaye Minisitiri w’Intebe mu 1952, aba Perezida mu 1960, maze ahirikwa ku butegetsi mu 1966.
Nk’uko Britannica ibivuga, saa sita z’ijoro zimaze kurenga ku wa 6 Werurwe 1957, Nkrumah, nka Minisitiri w’Intebe wa mbere w’igihugu gishya, yagize ati: “Ubwigenge bwacu nta gaciro bufite niba budafatanye no kwibohora kwuzuye k’umugabane wa Afurika.”
Iyo nkoranyabumenyi yongeraho ko mu myaka icumi yakurikiyeho, ibihugu bishya birenga 30 byavutse muri Afurika yo munsi y’ubutayu bwa Sahara.
Kwinjira mu Muryango w’Abibumbye
Urutonde rw’ibihugu bigize Umuryango w’Abibumbye rugaragaza ko Gana yakiriwe muri uwo muryango ku wa 8 Werurwe 1957, nyuma y’iminsi ibiri gusa ibonye ubwigenge.
Ibihe bya none: umurage w’ubwigenge bwa Gana
Mu myaka yakurikiyeho, ibindi bihugu byinshi bya Afurika byabonye ubwigenge. U Rwanda n’u Burundi byabubonye ku wa 1 Nyakanga 1962, binjira mu Muryango w’Abibumbye ku wa 18 Nzeri 1962.
Nk’uko Umuryango w’Ubumwe bwa Afurika ubwawo ubisobanura, muri Gicurasi 1963 ibihugu 32 bya Afurika byari byarabonye ubwigenge byashinze Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’Afurika (OAU) i Addis Abeba muri Etiyopiya. OAU yasimbuwe n’Umuryango w’Ubumwe bwa Afurika (AU) muri Nyakanga 2002, ubu ugizwe n’ibihugu 55.