Urukiko Mpuzamahanga Mpanabyaha rwashyiriweho u Rwanda: Uko rwakoze kuva mu 1994 kugeza mu 2015
Akanama k’Umutekano k’Umuryango w’Abibumbye kashyizeho uru rukiko ku wa 8 Ugushyingo 1994. Rwafunze imiryango ku wa 31 Ukuboza 2015, ariko inyandiko zarwo zikaba zikibitswe.
Nyuma ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, Akanama k’Umutekano k’Umuryango w’Abibumbye kashyizeho urukiko rwihariye rwo gucira imanza abakoze ibyaha byakorewe mu Rwanda mu 1994. Urwo rukiko rwiswe Urukiko Mpuzamahanga Mpanabyaha rwashyiriweho u Rwanda (ICTR), nk’uko bisobanurwa ku rubuga rwarwo rucungwa n’Umuryango w’Abibumbye.
Uko rwashyizweho
Inyandiko zibitswe mu Isomero Koranabuhanga ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye zigaragaza ko Umwanzuro wa 955 w’Akanama k’Umutekano wemejwe ku wa 8 Ugushyingo 1994, mu nama ya 3453 y’ako kanama, nyuma y’uko Guverinoma y’u Rwanda ibisabye, kandi ko wafashwe hakurikijwe Umutwe wa VII w’Amasezerano Shingiro y’Umuryango w’Abibumbye.
Urutonde rw’uko ibihugu byatoye, na rwo rubitswe n’Umuryango w’Abibumbye, rugaragaza ko ibihugu 13 byatoye byemeza uwo mwanzuro, u Bushinwa bukifata, naho u Rwanda, rwari mu bagize ako kanama icyo gihe, rugatora ruwurwanya.
Umuryango w’Abibumbye uvuga ko uru rukiko rwahawe ububasha bwo gukurikirana abakoze Jenoside n’ibindi byaha bikomeye binyuranyije n’amategeko mpuzamahanga agenga intambara, byakorewe ku butaka bw’u Rwanda no mu bihugu bihana imbibi na rwo, hagati ya 1 Mutarama na 31 Ukuboza 1994.
Ibyo rwakoze mu myaka 20
Ku rubuga rw’uru rukiko, Umuryango w’Abibumbye uvuga ko icyicaro cyarwo cyari i Arusha muri Tanzaniya, gifite ibiro i Kigali n’Urugereko rw’Ubujurire i La Haye mu Buholandi. Rwatangiye imirimo mu 1995, rufunga imiryango ku wa 31 Ukuboza 2015. Mu myaka yarwo yose rwareze abantu 93, naho urubanza rwa nyuma rwo ku rwego rwa mbere rwaciwe ku wa 20 Ukuboza 2012.
Urwo rubuga ruvuga ko ICTR ari rwo rukiko mpuzamahanga rwa mbere rwaciye urubanza ku cyaha cya Jenoside, kandi ko ari rwo rwa mbere rwasobanuye icyaha cyo gufata ku ngufu mu mategeko mpanabyaha mpuzamahanga, rukemeza ko gishobora kuba uburyo bwo gukora Jenoside. Ruvuga kandi ko ari rwo rwa mbere rwahamije abakozi b’itangazamakuru ibyaha byo gushishikariza rubanda gukora Jenoside binyuze mu biganiro batambutsaga.
Ibihe bya none: inyandiko z’uru rukiko
Inyandiko z’uru rukiko ubu zibitswe n’Urwego rw’Umuryango w’Abibumbye rushinzwe imirimo isigaye y’inkiko mpanabyaha mpuzamahanga (IRMCT).
Urwo rwego ruvuga ko ububiko bwarwo bufite ibihumbi bya metero z’inyandiko ziri ku mpapuro na petabayiti zirenga eshatu z’inyandiko z’ikoranabuhanga. Izo nyandiko zibikwa mu mashami abiri, i Arusha n’i La Haye, kandi abashaka kuzisoma babinyuza mu bubiko bwitwa Unified Court Records (UCR) no muri katarogu y’ububiko bwa IRMCT.
UNESCO yo ivuga ko ishyirwaho ry’uru rukiko ryagize uruhare mu nzira yatumye hashyirwaho Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga (ICC) mu 2002.