Urugamba rwo kurengera ibinyabuzima: Ibyo u Rwanda rushaka kugeraho bitarenze 2030
Mu gihe hasigaye imyaka ine ngo Isi igere ku mwaka wa 2030, u Rwanda rufite intego zo kongera ubuso bw’ahantu harinzwe hagamijwe kubungabunga urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima, kurengera amoko y’inyamaswa n’ibimera ashobora kuzimira no gushaka ubushobozi bwo gusana ibidukikije byangiritse.
Izi ntego zikubiye muri Gahunda y’Igihugu yo Kubungabunga Urusobe rw’Ibinyabuzima no Gushyira mu Bikorwa Ingamba zo Kururengera (NBSAP 2025–2030), yatangijwe ku mugaragaro ku wa 7 Ukwakira 2025.
Ni gahunda igamije guhangana n’ibibazo birimo iyangirika ry’amashyamba n’ibishanga, imihindagurikire y’ikirere, ibikorwa bya muntu byangiza ibidukikije ndetse n’ibangamirwa ry’inyamaswa n’ibimera.
Izi ngamba zagarutsweho na Senateri Laetitia Nyinawamwiza mu biganiro mpuzamahanga byabereye i Yerevan muri Armenia, byahuje abagize inteko zishinga amategeko n’abafatanyabikorwa mu kurengera ibidukikije no guteza imbere imishinga irambye.
Intego u Rwanda rwihaye kugeza mu 2030
Imwe mu ntego z’u Rwanda ni ukongera ubuso bw’ubutaka n’ahantu h’amazi hafashwe ingamba zihariye zo kubungabungwa, bukagera nibura kuri 11% bitarenze 2030.
Gahunda ya NBSAP igaragaza ko ahantu harinzwe hari ku kigero cya 9,1% by’ubuso bw’ubutaka bw’igihugu, hashingiwe ku mibare yakoreshejwe mu gutegura iyo gahunda.
U Rwanda runateganya kongera ibikorwa byo gusana amashyamba, ibishanga, ibiyaga n’ahandi hangiritse, hibandwa ku duce dufite akamaro gakomeye ku mibereho y’ibinyabuzima.
Indi ntego ni ukugabanya ku kigero cya 50% umuvuduko wo gukwirakwira kw’amoko y’ibinyabuzima byaturutse ahandi ashobora kwangiza urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima, cyane cyane mu duce turinzwe.
Gahunda kandi iteganya gukomeza kurengera inyamaswa n’ibimera biri mu kaga ko kuzimira, kurwanya ibikorwa bitemewe byo kubyaza umutungo kamere inyungu no kugabanya ingaruka zituruka ku guhangana kw’abantu n’inyamaswa.
Mu mijyi na ho, u Rwanda rushaka kongera ahantu hateye ibimera no kwita ku bidukikije mu igenamigambi ry’imyubakire.
Ibyo byose byiyongera ku ntambwe igihugu cyateye mu kongera ubuso buteyeho amashyamba, bwavuye kuri 20% bugera kuri 30,4% mu myaka mirongo itatu ishize, nk’uko Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe Kubungabunga Ibidukikije (REMA) kibigaragaza.
Miliyoni 500 z’amadolari n’imbogamizi zo kugera ku ntego
Kurengera urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima bisaba ubushobozi bw’amafaranga, ubumenyi n’ubufatanye bw’inzego zitandukanye.
Ni yo mpamvu u Rwanda rwashyize muri gahunda yarwo intego yo gukusanya miliyoni 500 z’amadolari ya Amerika, zivuye mu masoko atandukanye, kugira ngo zishyigikire kubungabunga ibinyabuzima no gukoresha umutungo kamere mu buryo burambye bitarenze 2030.
Amafaranga akenewe mu bikorwa birimo gusana ibidukikije byangiritse, kurengera inyamaswa n’ibimera, gukora ubushakashatsi no gushyigikira imishinga ifasha abaturage kubungabunga ibidukikije.
Icyakora, kugera kuri izi ntego bizasaba gukemura ibibazo birimo ibura ry’amakuru ahagije ku bwoko bumwe na bumwe bw’ibinyabuzima, ibikorwa byangiza ahantu birinzwe n’ubushobozi bukenewe mu gushyira mu bikorwa imishinga.
Mu biganiro byabereye muri Armenia, abagize inteko zishinga amategeko bagarutse ku ruhare rwabo mu gushyiraho amategeko, kugenzura ishyirwa mu bikorwa ryayo no gushyigikira ingengo y’imari igenewe kubungabunga ibidukikije.
Ibi biganiro bibanziriza inama mpuzamahanga ya 17 y’ibihugu bihuriye ku Masezerano yo Kubungabunga Urusobe rw’Ibinyabuzima (COP17), izabera muri Armenia kuva ku wa 19 kugeza ku wa 30 Ukwakira 2026.
Iyo nama izasuzuma aho ibihugu bigeze mu gushyira mu bikorwa intego 23 zemejwe mu 2022, zigamije guhagarika iyangirika ry’urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima no kurusubiza mu buryo bwiza bitarenze 2030.
Ku Rwanda, imyaka ine isigaye ni igihe cyo gukomeza gushyira mu bikorwa ingamba rwihaye, no kugaragaza umusaruro wazo mu kurengera ibinyabuzima no guteza imbere imibereho y’abaturage.
Abagize inteko zishinga amategeko z’ibihugu bitandukanye bahuriye muri ibi biganiro ku kubungabunga urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima