Kwiga imyaka itanu, A1 na AI: Uko u Rwanda ruri kuvugurura amasomo nderabarezi
Imyaka yo kwiga yavuye kuri itatu iba itanu, impamyabumenyi ihabwa abarangiza iva kuri A2 igera kuri A1, hongerwamo amasomo y’ikoranabuhanga n’ubwenge buhangano (AI). Izi ni zimwe mu mpinduka zikomeye u Rwanda rwatangije mu Mashuri Nderabarezi (TTC), mu rwego rwo gutegura abarimu bafite ubumenyi n’ubushobozi bwo gutanga uburezi bufite ireme mu mashuri abanza.
Iyi gahunda nshya yatangiye gushyirwa mu bikorwa mu mwaka w’amashuri wa 2026/2027, aho abanyeshuri 4.183 batangiye amasomo azamara imyaka itanu, aho kuba itatu nk’uko byari bisanzwe.
Iri vugurura rigamije gutuma abarangiza TTC bataba bafite ubumenyi bw’amasomo gusa, ahubwo banagira ubushobozi bwo kuyigisha, gukoresha ikoranabuhanga, kumenya indimi no gufasha abanyeshuri bafite ubushobozi n’ibikenewe bitandukanye.
Mu ruzinduko rwakorewe kuri TTC Saint Jean Baptiste de Cyahinda, mu Karere ka Nyaruguru, ku wa Mbere, tariki ya 9 Ugushyingo 2026, Umuyobozi Mukuru Wungirije w’Urwego rw’Igihugu rushinzwe Uburezi bw’Ibanze (REB), Dr. Flora Mutezigaju, yasobanuye ko iri vugurura ryakozwe hagamijwe gukemura ibibazo byari byagaragaye mu mitegurire y’abarimu, birimo igihe gito bahabwaga cyo kwiga amasomo y’umwuga w’ubwarimu no kwimenyereza kwigisha.
Mu buryo bwari busanzwe, abanyeshuri bigaga imyaka itatu, aho amasomo menshi yibandaga ku mashami bahisemo kurusha ubumenyi bukenewe mu kwigisha, imitegurire y’amasomo, imiyoborere y’ishuri n’uburyo bwo gufasha abana bafite ubushobozi n’ibikenewe bitandukanye.
Gahunda nshya ije guhindura ibyo, yongera amasomo y’umwuga w’ubwarimu n’igihe cyo kwimenyereza kwigisha, kiva ku mezi atatu kigera kuri atandatu.
Ibi bizatuma umunyeshuri urangije TTC ataba afite ubumenyi bw’amasomo yize gusa, ahubwo anasobanukirwe uburyo bwo kuyigisha, kuyahuza n’ubushobozi bw’abana no gukurikirana iterambere ryabo mu myigire.
Mu zindi mpinduka harimo kugabanya amashami yigishwaga muri TTC, akava kuri ane akaba atatu. Nubwo abanyeshuri bazakomeza kugira amashami bihuguramo by’umwihariko, bazajya biga amasomo yose yigishwa mu mashuri abanza, kugira ngo bashobore kwigisha n’atari mu mashami yabo.
Ikoranabuhanga na AI bigiye kugira umwanya mu gutegura abarimu
Iri vugurura ntirigarukira gusa ku kongera imyaka yo kwiga, kuko riteganya no kongera ubushobozi bw’abanyeshuri mu ikoranabuhanga, cyane cyane irishobora kubafasha mu gutegura amasomo no kunoza imyigishirize.
Dr. Mutezigaju yasobanuye ko abanyeshuri biga muri TTC bazajya bahugurwa mu gukoresha ikoranabuhanga n’ubwenge buhangano (AI), binyuze mu masomo atangwa hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga.
Biteganyijwe ko bazajya barangiza bafite ubumenyi bw’ikoranabuhanga bushobora kwemezwa n’impamyabushobozi, bukabafasha kurikoresha mu buryo buboneye mu kazi kabo.
Ibi bizafasha abarimu bashya kumenya uko bakoresha ibikoresho n’uburyo bugezweho mu gutegura amasomo, gushaka amakuru yunganira ibyo bigisha no kunoza uburyo bwo gukurikirana imyigire y’abanyeshuri.
Kwinjiza AI mu myiteguro y’abarimu ni imwe mu ntambwe zigamije kubategurira isi ikomeje guhinduka kubera ikoranabuhanga, kugira ngo amashuri abanza na yo atazasigara inyuma mu gukoresha uburyo bushya bwo kwigisha.
Kumenya Icyongereza ku rwego rwa B2 byashyizwe mu ntego
Mu bijyanye n’indimi, REB ifite intego yo gutuma abarangiza amashuri nderabarezi baba bafite ubumenyi bw’Icyongereza nibura ku rwego rwa B2, rubafasha gusobanukirwa no gukoresha urwo rurimi mu buryo bwisumbuyeho.
Urwego rwa B2 rugaragaza ubushobozi bwo gusobanukirwa ibiganiro n’inyandiko zisaba ubumenyi bwagutse, gutanga ibitekerezo mu buryo bwumvikana no kuganira ku ngingo zitandukanye umuntu atagoranye cyane.
Ibi bifite akamaro mu mashuri yo mu Rwanda, aho Icyongereza gikoreshwa mu kwigisha amasomo menshi. Kugira abarimu bakizi neza bishobora gufasha abanyeshuri gusobanukirwa ibyo bigishwa, aho kugira ngo imbogamizi z’ururimi zibangamire imyigire yabo.
Ni imwe mu ngingo z’ingenzi ziri muri iri vugurura, kuko ubumenyi bw’ururimi abarimu bakoresha mu kwigisha bugira uruhare mu buryo basobanurira abanyeshuri amasomo no mu bushobozi bwabo bwo kuyakurikirana.
Miliyari zirenga 74 Frw mu kongerera ubushobozi amashuri nderabarezi
Mu rwego rwo gushyigikira iri vugurura, Leta y’u Rwanda ku bufatanye na Banki y’Isi yashoye arenga miliyari 74 Frw mu kuvugurura no kugeza ibikoresho mu mashuri nderabarezi 16 ari hirya no hino mu gihugu.
Iri shoramari ryibanze ku bikorwaremezo birimo ibyumba by’amashuri bigezweho, laboratwari, mudasobwa, amasomero, internet n’ibindi bikoresho bigamije gufasha abanyeshuri kwiga bashyira mu bikorwa ibyo bigishijwe.
Ni ibikorwaremezo bifite uruhare rukomeye mu gushyira mu bikorwa gahunda nshya, cyane cyane mu gihe abanyeshuri basabwa kongera ubumenyi ngiro no gukoresha ikoranabuhanga mu masomo yabo.
TTC Saint Jean Baptiste de Cyahinda, iri mu mashuri yasuwe muri gahunda yo kugenzura aho ivugurura ry’uburezi rigeze, ifite abanyeshuri 941.
Umuyobozi wayo, Padiri Jean de Dieu Nzagahimana, yagaragaje ko iryo shuri rifite gahunda yihariye yiswe Welcome Test, ikizamini gifasha kumenya ubumenyi abanyeshuri bagumana nyuma y’ibiruhuko.
Ni uburyo bwo kubashishikariza gukomeza gusubiramo amasomo no mu gihe batari ku ishuri, ndetse no gufasha abarimu kumenya amasomo abanyeshuri basobanukiwe n’ayo bakeneye kongererwamo ubufasha.
Iyi gahunda inafasha ishuri gukurikirana uko abanyeshuri bitwara mu myigire no gufata ingamba zo gufasha abagaragaza intege nke mu masomo atandukanye.
A1 izajya ifungurira abarangiza TTC inzira yo gukomeza muri kaminuza
Imwe mu mpinduka zikomeye muri iyi gahunda ni urwego rw’impamyabumenyi abanyeshuri bazajya bahabwa barangije amashuri nderabarezi.
Mu gihe abarangiza TTC bari basanzwe bahabwa impamyabumenyi ya A2, porogaramu nshya izajya ibaha A1, inabafungurire amahirwe yo gukomeza kwiga indi myaka ibiri muri kaminuza kugira ngo babone impamyabumenyi ya A0.
Ibi bizatuma umwarimu urangije TTC aba afite impamyabumenyi yisumbuye ku yahabwaga mbere, ndetse n’amahirwe yo gukomeza amashuri makuru atabanje gusubiramo imyaka myinshi y’amasomo.
Abanyeshuri batangiye iyi gahunda muri Nzeri 2026 biteganyijwe ko bazaba mu ba mbere bazarangiza bafite A1 mu 2031, mu gihe bazaba barangije amasomo yabo uko ateganyijwe.
Gusa, impinduka zitegerejwe ntizizagarukira ku mpamyabumenyi bazahabwa, ahubwo zizapimirwa no ku bushobozi bazaba bafite bwo kwigisha no ku musaruro w’abanyeshuri bazigisha.
Icyo iri vugurura risobanuye ku ireme ry’uburezi mu Rwanda
Kongera imyaka yo kwiga, guha abanyeshuri umwanya uhagije wo kwimenyereza kwigisha, kubongerera ubumenyi bw’indimi n’ikoranabuhanga ndetse no kubategurira impamyabumenyi ya A1 ni impinduka zishobora kugira uruhare mu kuzamura ireme ry’uburezi mu mashuri abanza.
Amashuri abanza ni yo shingiro ry’ubumenyi umwana yubakiraho mu rugendo rwose rw’amashuri. Ni ho atangirira gusoma, kwandika, kubara no gusobanukirwa amasomo azakomeza kwiga mu byiciro bisumbuyeho.
Kugira abarimu bateguwe neza muri iki cyiciro bishobora rero gufasha abana kugira urufatiro rukomeye rw’ubumenyi, kugabanya ibibazo byo kudasobanukirwa amasomo no kubategurira gukomeza amashuri bafite ubushobozi buhagije.
Icyakora, kugera kuri uwo musaruro bizasaba ko impinduka mu myigishirize zishyirwa mu bikorwa uko zateganyijwe, amashuri akabona ibikoresho bihagije, abarimu bagakomeza guhugurwa ndetse n’ubushobozi bw’abanyeshuri bugakurikiranwa uko bikwiye.
Iri vugurura riri mu ngamba za Leta y’u Rwanda zo kuzamura ireme ry’uburezi, zishingiye ku kongerera abarimu ubumenyi, kubaha ibikoresho bigezweho no kubategura ku buryo bashobora guhuza imyigishirize n’impinduka mu ikoranabuhanga no mu bumenyi.
Mu gihe gahunda nshya izaba itangiye gutanga abarimu ba mbere mu 2031, ni bwo hazatangira kugaragara neza uko imyaka ibiri yongewe ku masomo yabo, ubumenyi bwa AI n’impamyabumenyi ya A1 byagize uruhare mu guhindura imyigishirize mu mashuri abanza.
Abanyeshuri 4,183 ni bo batangiye porogaramu nshya y’imyaka itanu mu Mashuri Nderabarezi, TTC.
Leta y’u Rwanda ku bufatanye na Banki y’Isi yashoye arenga miliyari 74 Frw mu kuvugurura no guha ibikoresho Mashuri Nderabarezi 16.
Umuyobozi Mukuru wungirije wa REB, Dr. Mutegizaju Flora aganira n’itangazamakuru n’abakoresha imbuga nkoranyambaga