Amabuye y’agaciro yazamuye ibyoherezwa mu mahanga, ariko inkomoko yayo iravugwaho
Ibyoherezwa mu mahanga byazamutseho 51% mu gihembwe cya kabiri cya 2026, cyane cyane ku mabuye y’agaciro. Icyakora hari n’ibirego bya Leta y’Amerika n’imiryango itegamiye kuri Leta ku nkomoko y’ayo mabuye.
Amabuye y’agaciro yabaye kimwe mu bintu byazamuye cyane ibyoherezwa mu mahanga n’u Rwanda mu 2026. Muri icyo gihe kimwe, Leta zunze ubumwe za Amerika zafashe ibihano ku bantu no ku bigo by’u Rwanda, zivuga ko bifitanye isano n’ubucuruzi butemewe bw’amabuye akomoka mu burasirazuba bwa Congo. Iyi nkuru itandukanya imibare yatangajwe, ibyemezo byafashwe, n’ibirego bitaracibwa n’urukiko.
Ibyo tuzi neza: imibare
Mu itangazo rya Komite ishinzwe politiki y’ifaranga rya Banki Nkuru y’u Rwanda ryo ku wa 26 Kanama 2026, ibyoherezwa mu mahanga byiyongereyeho 51% mu gihembwe cya kabiri cya 2026, naho ibitumizwa mu mahanga byiyongereyeho 28%. Icyuho cy’ubucuruzi cyari miliyoni 821,9 z’amadolari muri icyo gihembwe. BNR yavuze ko iryo zamuka ryaturutse ku mabuye y’agaciro, ku bindi bicuruzwa bitari ibisanzwe, no ku bicuruzwa byongera koherezwa.
Imibare ya NISR y’igihembwe cya kabiri cya 2026 igaragaza ko ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro bwiyongereyeho 26%. Mu 2025, ibyoherezwa mu mahanga by’amabuye atatu — cassiterite, wolframite na coltan — byiyongereyeho 46,2%.
Ibyemezo byafashwe na Leta y’Amerika
Ku wa 2 Werurwe 2026, ikigo cy’Amerika gishinzwe kugenzura umutungo w’abanyamahanga (OFAC) cyashyize Ingabo z’u Rwanda ku rutonde rw’ibihano, kivuga ko zishyigikiye M23.
Ku wa 25 Kamena 2026, OFAC yashyize ku rutonde rw’ibihano uruganda rutunganya zahabu Gasabo Gold Refinery LTD, Perezida waro Jean Malic Kalima, umuyobozi mukuru Bosco Kayobotsi, n’andi masosiyete atatu y’ubucukuzi: Bugambira Mines LTD, Wolfram Mining and Processing LTD na Rwinkwavu Mining Corporation LTD. Ibyo byemezo byashingiye ku itegeko rya Perezida wa Amerika 13413.
Ibi ni ibirego, si imyanzuro y’inkiko
Ibihano bya OFAC ni ibyemezo by’ubuyobozi bwa Leta y’Amerika, si urubanza rwaciwe n’urukiko. Muri Ukwakira 2025, ikigo cy’ubushakashatsi Oakland Institute cyasohoye raporo ivuga ko igice kinini cy’amabuye ya tantalum yoherezwa n’u Rwanda aba yaturutse muri Congo mu buryo butemewe. Iyo ni imvugo y’icyo kigo; iyi nkuru ntiyabonye ubushakashatsi bwigenga bwabyemeza.
Isesengura
Ibikurikira ni isesengura. Mu masezerano ya Washington, u Rwanda na RDC byashyize umukono ku nyandiko y’amahame y’uburyo bwo guhuza ubukungu bw’akarere, byiyemeza gukuraho buhoro buhoro inzitizi zibangamira ubucuruzi butaziguye kandi bwemewe bw’amabuye akomoka mu karere: cassiterite, tantalum, tungsten, niobium, zahabu n’andi.
Byerekana ko ikibazo cy’inkomoko y’amabuye kitari icy’umutekano gusa, ahubwo ari n’icy’ubucuruzi. Hari impamvu zo gutekereza ko niba uburyo bwo kugaragaza inkomoko y’amabuye bushimangiwe kandi bugenzurwa ku mugaragaro, bishobora kugabanya ibyo birego. Ariko ibyo ntibyemezwa n’imibare iriho ubu.
Inkomoko: Banki Nkuru y’u Rwanda, itangazo rya Komite ishinzwe politiki y’ifaranga, 26 Kanama 2026; U.S. Department of the Treasury (OFAC), itangazo ryo ku wa 25 Kamena 2026.
Soma itangazo rya Minisiteri y’Imari ya Amerika ku bihano