Uburozi bwa lead: U Rwanda rwasangije Isi uko rukomeje kubukumira hakiri kare
Mu nama “Ending Lead Poisoning: A Global Call to Action” yabereye i New York ku wa 22 Nzeri 2026, Dr. Yvan Butera yagaragaje uko u Rwanda rukomeza laboratwari n’igenzura kugira ngo ihura na lead rigaragazwe hakiri kare, mu gihe OMS yibukije ko nta rugero rw’ihura na lead ruzwi ko ntacyo rutwaye.
U Rwanda rwasangije abayobozi bo ku Isi ingamba rukomeje gufata kugira ngo ihura n’ubumara bwa lead (plomb) rigaragazwe hakiri kare, hamenyekane aho buturuka kandi bukumirwe mbere y’uko bugira ingaruka ku bana, ku bakozi no ku baturage muri rusange. Byagarutsweho i New York ku wa 22 Nzeri 2026, ku ruhande rw’Inteko Rusange ya 81 y’Umuryango w’Abibumbye (UNGA81).
Uwabigarutseho ni Umunyamabanga wa Leta muri Minisiteri y’Ubuzima, Dr. Yvan Butera, mu nama yiswe “Ending Lead Poisoning: A Global Call to Action” (Guca burundu uburozi bwa lead: Isi yose irahamagarirwa kugira icyo ikora). Yateguwe na Bloomberg Philanthropies ku bufatanye na Coefficient Giving n’Ubufatanye ku Hazaza hatarangwamo Lead (Partnership for a Lead-Free Future, PLF), yitabirwa na Michael Bloomberg washinze Bloomberg Philanthropies, Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, Umuyobozi Mukuru w’Ishami rya Loni ryita ku Buzima (OMS), n’abandi bayobozi.
Dr. Yvan Butera (iburyo), Umunyamabanga wa Leta muri Minisiteri y’Ubuzima, mu kiganiro cyabaye muri iyi nama i New York, ku wa 22 Nzeri 2026.
Laboratwari zigaragaza lead hakiri kare
Minisiteri y’Ubuzima (MINISANTE) yatangaje ko Dr. Butera yasangije abitabiriye inama ibikorwa u Rwanda rurimo “byo gukomeza laboratwari n’uburyo bwo kugenzura, kugira ngo ihura na lead rigaragazwe hakiri kare, hamenyekane aho riturutse kandi rikumirwe, hagamijwe kurinda abana, abakozi n’abaturage.”
Iki kibazo kiri no mu Rwanda. Nk’uko Top Africa News yabitangaje mu Ukwakira 2025, ubushakashatsi bwakozwe mu 2023 n’ishyirahamwe ARECO-Rwanda Nziza bwagaragaje ko hafi kimwe cya kabiri (46,9%) cy’amarangi y’amavuta acururizwa mu Rwanda cyarimo lead irenze igipimo cya 90 ppm (ibice 90 kuri miliyoni), ndetse ubwoko bumwe bw’irangi bwasanzwemo lead igera kuri 200.000 ppm. Ku wa 23 Ukwakira 2025, abahagarariye ARECO, Minisiteri y’Ibidukikije, RSB, REMA na RICA bahuriye i Kigali biyemeza gukaza ipimwa n’igenzura kugira ngo amarangi yose ari ku isoko yubahirize igipimo cy’igihugu cya 90 ppm.
OMS: “Nta rugero rw’ihura na lead ruzwi ko ntacyo rutwaye”
Mu ijambo rye, Dr. Tedros yagize ati: “Nta rugero rw’ihura na lead ruzwi ko ntacyo rutwaye. Ku bana bato, ingaruka zishobora kubaherekeza ubuzima bwabo bwose. Lead ishobora kwangiza burundu ubwonko buri gukura, bikagira ingaruka ku bushobozi bw’umwana bwo kwiga, gutera imbere no kugera ku rwego rwose ashoboye.” Yongeyeho ko ihura na lead rifitanye isano n’impfu zirenga miliyoni 3,5 buri mwaka.
Yatangaje ko OMS iri gutegura Gahunda y’Ibikorwa ku rwego rw’Isi n’icyegeranyo cy’ibikoresho bya tekiniki cyiswe PREVENT, bizamurikwa mu Nteko y’Ubuzima ku Isi (World Health Assembly) y’umwaka utaha, bigafasha ibihugu kumenya no kugabanya ihura na lead no gukaza amategeko n’iyubahirizwa ryayo. Ati: “Icyo dukeneye ubu ni ubushake bwa politiki bwo gushyira ibi bisubizo mu bikorwa.”
Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, Umuyobozi Mukuru wa OMS, ageza ijambo ku bitabiriye inama yo guca uburozi bwa lead i New York.
Dr. Tedros yashimiye Michael Bloomberg, avuga ko OMS yinjiye umwaka ushize muri gahunda ya Bloomberg Philanthropies yo gukumira uburozi bwa lead, yatangijwe mu 2025 ikorera mu bihugu byo muri Afurika, Aziya na Amerika y’Epfo. Yanamusabye gukomeza kuba Ambasaderi wa OMS ku Isi ushinzwe indwara zitandura n’imvune, inshingano amazemo imyaka icumi. Bloomberg Philanthropies ivuga ko uburozi bwa lead bugera ku bana bagera kuri miliyoni 815, ni ukuvuga hafi umwe muri batatu ku Isi, bukaba buturuka ahantu hatandukanye harimo amarangi, itunganywa rya batiri zishaje, ubucukuzi, ibirungo n’ibikoresho byo guteka.
Gupima, gushyiraho amategeko no kuyubahiriza
Abdullah Fadil, uyobora Ubunyamabanga bwa PLF, yavuze ko mu bihugu byinshi uyu muryango ukoreramo, hafi abana bane mu icumi bafite lead nyinshi mu maraso. Yasabye ibihugu gutera intambwe eshatu: gukora ubushakashatsi bw’igihugu ku ngano ya lead mu maraso no kumenya aho ituruka, gushyiraho amategeko agenga ibiyikwirakwiza, no kuyashyira mu bikorwa. Ati: “Itegeko ridafite laboratwari, umugenzuzi n’igihano riba ari itangazo rigenewe abanyamakuru.”
Yagaragaje ko hashize imyaka ibiri ibihugu bitageze ku icumi ari byo byashoboraga kuvuga umubare w’abana babyo bagezweho n’ubu burozi n’icyabuteye, mu gihe ubu ibihugu 25 byarangije, biri gukora cyangwa byiyemeje gukora ubwo bushakashatsi. Muri icyo gihe kandi, ibihugu 14 byashyizeho amategeko agenga lead mu marangi cyangwa byakajije ayo byari bisanganywe.
Alexander Berger, Umuyobozi Mukuru wa Coefficient Giving, umwe mu miryango yateguye iyi nama, ageza ijambo ku bayitabiriye.
Fadil yibukije ko UNICEF igereranya ko kurandura ubu burozi bitarenze mu 2040 bizasaba nibura miliyari 1,6 z’amadolari y’Amerika y’inkunga yo hanze, ariko asaba ibihugu kutayishingikirizaho yonyine. Ati: “Inkunga yo hanze ishobora gutangiza iki gikorwa, ariko ntishobora kugikomeza. Ibyo bigomba guturuka mu ngengo y’imari yanyu bwite.”