Inyamaswa ntizitwarwa n’imihanda gusa — zitwarwa n’abantu ubwabo
Abashakashatsi bakurikiranye inyamaswa zirenga 4.500 zo mu bwoko 37 basanga hejuru ya 65% by’ayo moko zihindura imyitwarire bitewe n’ukuhaba kw’abantu ubwabo, atari imihanda n’inyubako gusa.
Iyo bavuze ko abantu bangiza ubuzima bw’inyamaswa zo mu gasozi, akenshi batekereza ku mihanda, ku mijyi no ku mirima. Ubushakashatsi bunini bwasohotse mu kinyamakuru Science mu 2026 bwerekanye ikintu kitari cyaramenyekana neza: inyamaswa zitwarwa cyane n’ukuhaba kw’abantu ubwabo, si ibyo abantu bahinduye ku butaka gusa.
Amanota miliyoni 11,8 yerekana aho inyamaswa zanyuze
Abashakashatsi bashyize ibyuma bya GPS ku nyamaswa zirenga 4.500 zo mu bwoko 37 — inyoni 22 n’inyamabere 15 — muri Amerika, bakusanya amanota agera kuri miliyoni 11,8 yerekana aho izo nyamaswa zanyuze.
Ayo makuru bayagereranyije n’amakuru y’ingendo z’abantu akomoka kuri telefoni zigendanwa, hiyongereyeho ibipimo bya satelite byerekana uko ahantu hahinduwe n’abantu. Ingamba zo kurwanya COVID-19 zo mu 2019-2020 zabaye nk’igerageza karemano: zatumye bashobora gutandukanya ingaruka z’ukuhaba kw’abantu n’iz’impinduka z’igihe kirekire zakorewe ku butaka.
Hejuru ya 65% by’amoko yarahindutse
Ibyavuye muri ubwo bushakashatsi byerekana ko hejuru ya 65% by’amoko yize yahinduye imyitwarire bitewe n’ukuhaba kw’abantu. Ikindi gitangaje ni uko ingaruka z’ukuhaba kw’abantu zagaragaye cyane ahantu hataraba hahinduwe cyane n’abantu.
Ntibyagenze kimwe ku moko yose
Iyi ni ingingo ikwiye kwitonderwa: ubwo bushakashatsi ntibuvuga ko amoko yose yitwaye kimwe. Amwe yagabanyije aho anyura, andi — nk’amasega n’ibikona — yagutse aho akora.
Scott Yanco, umwe mu banditsi b’ubwo bushakashatsi, yavuze mu Cyongereza ati: “Conservation strategies need to be very targeted, not one-size-fits-all.” Ni ukuvuga ko ingamba zo kubungabunga ibinyabuzima zigomba kwibanda ku moko yihariye, aho gushakisha igisubizo kimwe gikwiranye n’ibintu byose.
Walter Jetz, umwarimu muri Kaminuza ya Yale akaba n’umuyobozi w’ikigo cya Yale gishinzwe ubudasa bw’ibinyabuzima, yavuze ati: “Animals are affected by both direct human presence and human-caused changes to the physical environment.” Ni ukuvuga ko inyamaswa zigirwaho ingaruka n’abantu ubwabo ndetse n’impinduka abantu bakorera ku bidukikije.
Inkomoko: Science, “Interacting effects of human presence and landscape modification on birds and mammals”, Science 392 (6800), 2026; Yale News.
Soma itangazo rya Kaminuza ya Yale