Igice cy’amajyepfo cya Mars gishyushye dogere 200 kugeza kuri 400 kuruta icy’amajyaruguru
Ubushakashatsi bwasohotse muri Nature bugaragaza ko imbere mu gice cy’amajyepfo cya Mars gishyushye dogere 200 kugeza kuri 400 kuruta icy’amajyaruguru, kandi ko gishobora kuba cyarashongeshejwe igice.
Mars ifite ikibazo kimaze igihe kirekire abahanga bashakisha igisubizo: igice cy’amajyaruguru n’icy’amajyepfo bitandukanye cyane mu miterere yabyo. Ubushakashatsi bushya bwasohotse mu kinyamakuru Nature ku wa 27 Kanama 2026 bushobora gutanga igisubizo: imbere mu gice cy’amajyepfo cya Mars hashyushye cyane kuruta amajyaruguru.
Dogere 200 kugeza kuri 400
Ubwo bushakashatsi buyobowe na Alexander Berne, wahoze muri Caltech ubu akaba ari umushakashatsi muri Kaminuza ya Arizona, bugaragaza ko imbere mu gice cy’amajyepfo cya Mars gishyushye dogere selisiyusi 200 kugeza kuri 400 kuruta icy’amajyaruguru. Bavuga kandi ko icyo gice gishobora kuba cyarashongeshejwe igice.
Uko bashobora kureba imbere mu mubumbe batahacukuye
Uburyo bakoresheje bwitwa “tidal tomography”. Berne asobanura ko imbaraga z’irembera izuba rikoresha kuri Mars zihinduka mu bihe bitandukanye by’umwaka, kubera ko Mars izenguruka izuba mu ruziga rutagororotse neza kandi ikagira umurongo wayo w’izunguruka uberamye.
Mu kwiga uko Mars yitwara kuri izo mbaraga mu bihe bitandukanye, abashakashatsi bashobora gukora icyitegererezo cy’imiterere y’imbere. Bakoresheje amakuru y’imyaka myinshi yaturutse ku byogajuru bitatu: Mars Global Surveyor, Mars Odyssey na Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter.
Icyo bihuza n’ubundi bushakashatsi
Ubutumwa bwa NASA bwitwa InSight bwari bwaragaragaje ko imiraba y’imitingito igabanuka vuba mu majyepfo ya Mars. Iyo miterere yasobanurwa n’uko ako karere gashyushye. Ibi bishya rero bihuza n’ibyari bisanzwe bizwi.
Icyo kitaremezwa
Ariko ni ngombwa kumva ko nta cyuma cyagiye kipima ubushyuhe imbere muri Mars. Ibyavuzwe biva mu cyitegererezo gishingiye ku mbaraga z’irembera, si ipimwa ritaziguye. Berne ubwe yavuze mu Cyongereza ati: “Scientists usually assume that the interiors of planetary bodies are generally spherically symmetric, but this is not necessarily true.”
Amirhossein Bagheri, umushakashatsi muri Caltech wahoze mu itsinda rya InSight, yavuze ati: “The dichotomy that we see between north and south is important to understand because it gives information about processes that may have influenced the hydrology of Mars.” Ni ukuvuga ko gusobanukirwa uko amajyaruguru n’amajyepfo bitandukanye bishobora kugaragaza uko amazi yigeze kugenda kuri uwo mubumbe.
Inkomoko: Nature, “Tidal Tomography Reveals a Thermal Anomaly Beneath Mars’s Crustal Dichotomy”, 27 Kanama 2026; Caltech.
Soma itangazo rya Caltech